{"id":135,"date":"2021-08-20T20:05:42","date_gmt":"2021-08-20T20:05:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/?page_id=135"},"modified":"2022-04-25T14:28:48","modified_gmt":"2022-04-25T14:28:48","slug":"fruits","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/aras-gardens\/gathering\/fruits\/","title":{"rendered":"Fruits"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default”][et_pb_row column_structure=”1_4,3_4″ _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”-48px|auto||auto||” custom_padding=”0px|||||”][et_pb_column type=”1_4″ _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/pawpaw-cleaned.png” alt=”Drawing of two green fruits on a branch” title_text=”Pawpaw fruit” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” width=”91%” width_tablet=”29%” module_alignment_tablet=”center” module_alignment_phone=”” module_alignment_last_edited=”on|tablet”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=”3_4″ _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” text_text_color=”#000000″ header_font=”BioRhyme||||||||” header_font_size=”50px” header_2_font=”BioRhyme||||||||” min_height=”57px” custom_margin=”75px||-1px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”-32px||-1px|0px|false|false” custom_padding=”0px|||3px|false|false”]<\/p>\n

Fruits<\/h1>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” text_text_color=”#000000″ header_font=”BioRhyme||||||||” header_2_font=”BioRhyme||||||||” custom_margin=”||-1px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”-50px||-1px|0px|false|false” custom_padding=”0px|||3px|false|false”]<\/p>\n

The Eastern Woodlands and Midwest are home to many different kinds of edible fruits. These fruits were gathered and eaten for thousands of years by Indigenous people living in Arkansas, even as people were gardening and growing domesticated plants. Indeed many of us still gather and eat the same fruits today.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”-21px|auto||auto||” custom_padding=”0px|||||”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/05\/Header_icon.png” title_text=”Header_icon” align=”center” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” width_phone=”25%” max_height_tablet=”” max_height_phone=”” max_height_last_edited=”on|phone”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” custom_margin=”|auto||126px||” module_alignment_tablet=”” module_alignment_phone=”center” module_alignment_last_edited=”on|phone”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default”][et_pb_text content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Blackberries and Dewberries<\/h1>\n

(Rubus sp.)<\/em><\/h2>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Blackberries and Dewberries<\/h2>\n

(Rubus sp.)<\/em><\/h3>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” module_id=”Blackberry” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” text_text_color=”#000000″ header_font=”BioRhyme||||||||” header_2_font=”BioRhyme||||||||” custom_margin=”||-1px||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”-41px||-1px|0px|false|false” custom_padding=”1px|||3px|false|false” hover_enabled=”0″ header_3_text_align_tablet=”” header_3_text_align_phone=”center” header_3_text_align_last_edited=”on|phone” header_3_font_size_tablet=”” header_3_font_size_phone=”17px” header_3_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” sticky_enabled=”0″]<\/p>\n

Blackberries and Dewberries<\/h1>\n

(Rubus sp.)<\/em><\/h2>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_slider use_text_overlay=”on” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” body_font_size=”18px” background_color=”#7EBEC5″ width_tablet=”” width_phone=”” width_last_edited=”on|tablet” max_width_tablet=”” max_width_phone=”” max_width_last_edited=”on|tablet” content_width_tablet=”” content_width_phone=”” content_width_last_edited=”on|tablet” content_max_width_tablet=”” content_max_width_phone=”” content_max_width_last_edited=”on|tablet” min_height_tablet=”576px” min_height_last_edited=”off|phone” height_tablet=”” height_phone=”250px” height_last_edited=”on|phone” max_height_last_edited=”off|phone” header_font_size_tablet=”14px” header_font_size_phone=”” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|tablet” body_font_size_tablet=”18px” body_font_size_phone=”16px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_enable_color_tablet=”on” module_alignment_tablet=”” module_alignment_phone=”” module_alignment_last_edited=”on|tablet” hover_transition_delay_tablet=”” hover_transition_delay_phone=”300ms” hover_transition_delay_last_edited=”on|phone”][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/IMG_0398-scaled.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

New young shoot.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

New young shoot.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_text_align=”left” background_enable_image=”off” text_orientation=”left” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”||||false|false” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”16px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/IMG_0398-scaled.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Green vining plant with small thorns” title_text_phone=”Young blackberry vine” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

New young shoot.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/IMG_0426-scaled.jpg” heading_tablet=”” heading_phone=”” heading_last_edited=”on|desktop” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Flowering Blackberry<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Flowering Blackberry<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|tablet” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” background_enable_image=”off” text_orientation=”center” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|tablet” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/IMG_0426-scaled.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” background_blend_phone=”normal” text_orientation_tablet=”” text_orientation_phone=”left” text_orientation_last_edited=”on|phone” alt_phone=”Closeup of leaves with white flowers in background” title_text_phone=”Flowering blackberry” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Flowering Blackberry<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/IMG_0425-scaled.jpg” heading_tablet=”” heading_phone=”” heading_last_edited=”on|tablet” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/IMG_0425-scaled.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”White flowers on plant with green leaves” title_text_phone=”Flowering blackberry” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Blackberry in May.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/IMG_0419-scaled.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Flowering Blackberry<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Flowering Blackberry<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|tablet” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/IMG_0419-scaled.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Small bush with white flowers” title_text_phone=”Blackberry bush” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Flowering Blackberry<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Flower-and-green-fruit.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Blackberry flowering with some green, unripe fruit in mid-May.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Blackberry flowering with some green, unripe fruit in mid-May.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Flower-and-green-fruit.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Bush with green berries and a white flower” title_text_phone=”Flower and green fruit” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Blackberry flowering with some green, unripe fruit in mid-May.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Blackberries-scaled.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Blackberries with red, unripe fruit in June.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Blackberries with red, unripe fruit in June.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” background_enable_image=”off” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Blackberries-scaled.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Red fruit on vine” title_text_phone=”Unripe blackberries” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Blackberries with red, unripe fruit in June.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Ripe-blackberries.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Ripe berries in July.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Ripe berries in July.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Ripe-blackberries.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Green leafy plant with black fruit” title_text_phone=”Ripe blackberries” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Ripe berries in July.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/IMG_0401-scaled.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Dewberry vine in May. Note the red furry thorns on vine.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Dewberry vine in May. Note the red furry thorns on vine.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/IMG_0401-scaled.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Vining plant” title_text_phone=”Dewberry vine” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Dewberry vine in May. Note the red furry thorns on vine.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Dewberry-fruit.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Ripe dewberry fruit in June.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Ripe dewberry fruit in June.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Dewberry-fruit.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Black fruit on vining plant” title_text_phone=”Dewberry fruit” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Ripe dewberry fruit in June.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][\/et_pb_slider][et_pb_text content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Maypops<\/h1>\n

(Passiflora incarnata)<\/em> <\/h2>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Maypops<\/h2>\n

(Passiflora incarnata)<\/em> <\/h3>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” module_id=”Maypops” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” text_text_color=”#000000″ header_font=”BioRhyme||||||||” header_2_font=”BioRhyme||||||||” custom_margin=”||-1px||false|false” custom_margin_tablet=”||-5px|0px|false|false” custom_margin_phone=”|||0px|false|false” custom_padding=”38px|||0px|false|false” hover_enabled=”0″ header_3_text_align_tablet=”” header_3_text_align_phone=”center” header_3_text_align_last_edited=”on|phone” header_3_font_size_tablet=”” header_3_font_size_phone=”17px” header_3_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” sticky_enabled=”0″]<\/p>\n

Maypops<\/h1>\n

(Passiflora incarnata)<\/em><\/h2>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_slider use_bg_overlay=”off” use_text_overlay=”on” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” body_font_size=”18px” background_color=”#7EBEC5″ height_tablet=”” height_phone=”250px” height_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_margin=”5px|||||” custom_padding=”72px|||||” header_font_size_tablet=”” header_font_size_phone=”1px” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”16px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|tablet” background_last_edited=”on|phone”][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/06\/IMG_0370-scaled.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

One of the first plants to make an appearance in the Arkansas Archeological Survey Teaching Gardens is the maypop, popping up out of the ground in May.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

One of the first plants to make an appearance in the Survey’s gardens is the maypop, popping up out of the ground in May.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_text_color=”#ffffff” body_font_size=”18px” body_font_size_tablet=”18px” body_font_size_phone=”” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|desktop” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/06\/IMG_0370-scaled.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Small seedling in gravel” title_text_phone=”Sprouted maypop” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

One of the first plants to make an appearance in the Arkansas Archeological Survey Teaching Gardens is the maypop, popping up out of the ground in May.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/06\/IMG_0411-scaled.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

This vineing plant spreads underground through a hardy underground root system. You never know where it might pop up in your garden.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

This vineing plant spreads underground through a hardy underground root system. You never know where it might pop up in your garden.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” body_font_size=”18px” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”18px” body_font_size_phone=”16px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|desktop” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/06\/IMG_0411-scaled.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Young plant with three lobed leaves” title_text_phone=”Young maypop” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

This vineing plant spreads underground through a hardy underground root system. You never know where it might pop up in your garden.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/thicket-of-maypop.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Maypop vines spread very quickly and can get out of control if you don’t watch them.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Maypop vines spread very quickly and can get out of control if you don’t watch them.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” body_font_size=”15px” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”18px” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/thicket-of-maypop.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Vining plant covering trelllis” title_text_phone=”thicket of maypop” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Maypop vines spread very quickly and can get out of control if you don’t watch them.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Maypop-June-2021-b.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Maypops have distinctive three lobed leaves. They also have tendrils used for climbing up things.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Maypops have distinctive three lobed leaves. They also have tendrils used for climbing up things.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|tablet” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” body_font_size=”18px” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”17px” body_font_size_phone=”” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|desktop” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Maypop-June-2021-b.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Place with three lobed leaves” title_text_phone=”Maypop June 2021″ sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Maypops have distinctive three lobed leaves. They also have tendrils used for climbing up things.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/06\/Maypops.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

The flowers of maypops are very beautiful and distinctive- almost tropical looking.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

The flowers of maypops are very beautiful and distinctive- almost tropical looking.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” body_font_size=”18px” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”18px” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|desktop” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/06\/Maypops.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Purple flower on a vine” title_text_phone=”Maypops” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

The flowers of maypops are very beautiful and distinctive- almost tropical looking. <\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Flower.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Maypop flowers begin to appear in June.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Maypop flowers begin to appear in June.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” body_font_size=”18px” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”18px” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|desktop” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/3dmaypop-scaled-e1629068207476.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Purple flower within dense leaves” title_text_phone=”Maypop flower profile” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Maypop flowers begin to appear in June.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/3dmaypop-scaled-e1629068207476.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Maypop flowers<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Maypop flowers<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” body_font_size=”18px” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|desktop” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/06\/maypop-with-flower.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” title_text_phone=”maypop with flower” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Maypop flowers<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Two-flowers-September.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Maypops continue flowering into September.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Maypops continue flowering into September.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” body_font_size=”18px” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|desktop” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Two-flowers-September.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”%22%22″ title_text_phone=”Two flowers September” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Maypops continue flowering into September.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Maypop-fruits-July.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Maypop fruits begin to appear around late June.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Maypop fruits begin to appear around late June.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”18px” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Maypop-fruits-July.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Leafy plant with round, green fruit” title_text_phone=”Maypop fruits July” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Maypop fruits begin to appear around late June.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/06\/maypopfruit-Aug-scaled.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

The maypop fruit makes a popping sound when stepped on- another source for the plant’s name.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

The maypop fruit makes a popping sound when stepped on- another source for the plant’s name.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”18px” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/06\/maypopfruit-Aug-scaled.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Vine hanging from trellis with green fruit” title_text_phone=”maypopfruit Aug” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

The maypop fruit makes a popping sound when stepped on- another source for the plant’s name.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/green-unripe-fruit.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

The maypop fruits are not ready to pick and eat when they are still firm and green.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

The maypop fruits are not ready to pick and eat when they are still firm and green.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”18px” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/green-unripe-fruit.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Round green fruit hanging from vine” title_text_phone=”green unripe fruit” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

The maypop fruits are not ready to pick and eat when they are still firm and green.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/yellow-fruit.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

The fruit is ripe when it is yellowish and soft.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

The fruit is ripe when it is yellowish and soft.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”18px” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/yellow-fruit.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” hover_transition_delay_tablet=”” hover_transition_delay_phone=”300ms” hover_transition_delay_last_edited=”on|phone” alt_phone=”Wrinkly yellowish green round fruit” title_text_phone=”yellow fruit” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

The fruit is ripe when it is yellowish and soft. <\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Inside-fruit.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

The inside looks a little strange, but tastes great- kind of tropical. Like a pomegranate, the edible flesh is contained in little pods around each seed.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

The inside looks a little strange, but tastes great- kind of tropical. Like a pomegranate, the edible flesh is contained in little pods around each seed.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” body_font_size_tablet=”18px” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Inside-fruit.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Opened maypop fruit” title_text_phone=”Inside fruit” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

The inside looks a little strange, but tastes great- kind of tropical. Like a pomegranate, the edible flesh is contained in little pods around each seed. <\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/seeds.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Maypop seeds are quite distinctive- black with small dimples.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Maypop seeds are quite distinctive- black with small dimples.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”18px” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/06\/Maypop.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Pitted seed on centimeter scale” title_text_phone=”Maypop seed” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Maypop seeds are quite distinctive- black with small dimples. <\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][\/et_pb_slider][et_pb_text content_tablet=”” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Pawpaw<\/h2>\n

(Asimina triloba)<\/em><\/h3>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” module_id=”Persimmon” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” text_text_color=”#000000″ header_font=”BioRhyme||||||||” header_2_font=”BioRhyme||||||||” custom_margin=”||-1px||false|false” custom_padding=”40px|||3px|false|false” hover_enabled=”0″ header_3_text_align_tablet=”” header_3_text_align_phone=”center” header_3_text_align_last_edited=”on|phone” header_3_font_size_tablet=”” header_3_font_size_phone=”17px” header_3_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” locked=”off” sticky_enabled=”0″]<\/p>\n

Persimmon<\/h1>\n

(Diospyros virginiana<\/span><\/span>)<\/em><\/h2>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_slider use_text_overlay=”on” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” body_font_size=”18px” background_color=”#7EBEC5″ height_tablet=”” height_phone=”250px” height_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_padding=”152px|||||” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”16px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” hover_transition_delay_tablet=”” hover_transition_delay_phone=”300ms” hover_transition_delay_last_edited=”on|phone”][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/persimmon-tree.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Persimmons are medium sized hardwood trees. They are dioecious, meaning that trees either have male or female flowers, and only female trees produce fruit (but have to be near a male tree to do so).<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Persimmons are medium sized hardwood trees. They are dioecious, meaning that trees either have male or female flowers, and only female trees produce fruit (but have to be near a male tree to do so).<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|tablet” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”0px||||false|false” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”16px” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/persimmon-tree.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”large tree” title_text_phone=”persimmon tree” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Persimmons are medium sized hardwood trees. They are dioecious, meaning that trees either have male or female flowers, and only female trees produce fruit (but have to be near a male tree to do so).<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/green-fruit-in-tree.jpg” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”0px||||false|false” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/green-fruit-in-tree.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” title_text_phone=”green fruit in tree” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Persimmon fruits do not ripen until the fall- October or November.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/close-up-of-leaves.jpg” content_tablet=”” content_phone=”” content_last_edited=”on|desktop” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”0px||||false|false” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/close-up-of-leaves.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Tree branch with round green fruit” title_text_phone=”close up of leaves” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Based on ethnohistoric accounts, we know that persimmon fruit was eaten fresh but also dried and stored. It was cooked into bread and stews. <\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/green-persimmon.jpg” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”0px||||false|false” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” header_font_size_tablet=”” header_font_size_phone=”1px” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/green-persimmon.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”small green fruit” title_text_phone=”green persimmon” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Native persimmons (American persimmon- Diospyros virginiana<\/em>) are much smaller than the Japanese persimmon (Diospyros kaki <\/em>L.) that can sometime be found in the grocery store today.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/wrinkld-persimmon.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Do not eat a persimmon fruit unless it is orang-red and very soft. When the fruit is still green, it is very astringent and unpleasant.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Do not eat a persimmon fruit unless it is orang-red and very soft. When the fruit is still green, it is very astringent and unpleasant.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”0px||||false|false” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” header_font_size_tablet=”” header_font_size_phone=”1px” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/wrinkld-persimmon.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” title_text_phone=”wrinkld persimmon” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Do not eat a persimmon fruit unless it is orang-red and very soft. When the fruit is still green, it is very astringent and unpleasant.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/persimmon-seeds.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Persimmon seeds are fairly large as seeds go. They are brown and flat oval in shape. During the Civil War when coffee was in short supply, ground persimmon seeds were used as a substitute.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Persimmon seeds are fairly large as seeds go. They are brown and flat oval in shape. During the Civil War when coffee was in short supply, ground persimmon seeds were used as a substitute.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”0px||||false|false” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” header_font_size_tablet=”” header_font_size_phone=”1px” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|tablet” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/persimmon-seeds.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” title_text_phone=”persimmon seeds” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Persimmon seeds are fairly large as seeds go. They are brown and flat oval in shape. During the Civil War when coffee was in short supply, ground persimmon seeds were used as a substitute.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][\/et_pb_slider][et_pb_text content_tablet=”” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Pawpaw<\/h2>\n

(Asimina triloba)<\/em><\/h3>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” module_id=”Pawpaw” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” text_text_color=”#000000″ header_font=”BioRhyme||||||||” header_2_font=”BioRhyme||||||||” custom_margin=”||-1px||false|false” custom_padding=”40px|||3px|false|false” header_3_text_align_tablet=”” header_3_text_align_phone=”center” header_3_text_align_last_edited=”on|phone” header_3_font_size_tablet=”” header_3_font_size_phone=”17px” header_3_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone”]<\/p>\n

Pawpaw<\/h1>\n

(Asimina triloba)<\/em>\u00a0<\/h2>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_slider use_text_overlay=”on” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” body_font_size=”18px” background_color=”#7EBEC5″ height_tablet=”” height_phone=”250px” height_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_padding=”||158px|||” background_last_edited=”on|phone”][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Pawpaw-tree.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Pawpaw trees are fairly small and like shade.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Pawpaw trees are fairly small and like shade.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Pawpaw-tree.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Small tree” title_text_phone=”Pawpaw tree” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Pawpaw trees are fairly small and like shade.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Pawpaw-flowers.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Pawpaw trees flower in spring (April to May). Their flowers are not very showy but still pretty, dark marroon in color. Pawpaws are polinated by flies and beetles. The flowers have a smell like something rotting- a very attractive scent for flies, but not so much for people.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Pawpaw trees flower in spring (April to May). Their flowers are not very showy but still pretty, dark marroon in color.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Pawpaw-flowers.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Tiny tree with two flowers” title_text_phone=”Pawpaw flowers” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Pawpaw trees flower in spring (April to May). Their flowers are not very showy but still pretty, dark maroon in color. Pawpaws are pollinated by flies and beetles. The flowers have a smell like something rotting- a very attractive scent for flies, but not so much for people.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Pawpaw-leaf.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

The leaves of pawpaw trees are alternate and fairly long with smooth edges.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

The leaves of pawpaw trees are alternate and fairly long with smooth edges.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” body_font_size=”18px” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” header_font_size_tablet=”” header_font_size_phone=”1px” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Pawpaw-leaf.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”closeup of leaf” title_text_phone=”Pawpaw leaf” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

The leaves of pawpaw trees are alternate and fairly long with smooth edges.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Pawpawfruit-4.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Pawpaw fruit and green in color and bean-shaped. You can start to see the fruit forming in June, but they do not become ripe and ready to eat until near the end of August or September. The fruit is yellow, sweet and custard-like.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Pawpaw fruit and green in color and bean-shaped. You can start to see the fruit forming in June, but they do not become ripe and ready to eat until near the end of August or September.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” body_font_size=”18px” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”0px||||false|false” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” header_font_size_tablet=”” header_font_size_phone=”1px” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|desktop” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Pawpawfruit-4.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”cluster of for fruit in a tree” title_text_phone=”Pawpawfruit 4″ sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Pawpaw fruit and green in color and bean-shaped. You can start to see the fruit forming in June, but they do not become ripe and ready to eat until near the end of August or September. The fruit is yellow, sweet and custard-like.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/09\/Open-pawpaw-fruit.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Pawpaw fruit has a pleasant, sweet flavor. They are a nutrious fruit- a good source of vitamin C, magnesium, potassium, iron, and other essential vitamins and minerals.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Pawpaw fruit has a pleasant, sweet flavor. They are a nutrious fruit- a good source of vitamin C, magnesium, potassium, iron, and other essential vitamins and minerals.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” body_font_size=”18px” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”0px||||false|false” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” header_font_size_tablet=”” header_font_size_phone=”1px” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/09\/Open-pawpaw-fruit.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Green fruit split in two with yellow flesh and large black seeds” title_text_phone=”Open pawpaw fruit” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Pawpaw fruit has a pleasant, sweet flavor. They are a nutrious fruit- a good source of vitamin C, magnesium, potassium, iron, and other essential vitamins and minerals.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Pawpaw-seeds-e1629133794691.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

The pawpaw seeds are fairly large, flat, and bean shaped.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

The pawpaw seeds are fairly large, flat, and bean shaped.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” body_font_size=”18px” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” header_font_size_tablet=”” header_font_size_phone=”1px” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|desktop” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Pawpaw-seeds-e1629133794691.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Many brown seeds with scale” title_text_phone=”Pawpaw seeds” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

The pawpaw seeds are fairly large, flat, and bean shaped. <\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][\/et_pb_slider][et_pb_text content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Elderberry<\/h1>\n

(Sanbucus canadenis)<\/em> <\/h2>\n

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Elderberry<\/h2>\n

(Sanbucus canadenis)<\/em> <\/h3>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” module_id=”Elderberry” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” text_text_color=”#000000″ header_font=”BioRhyme||||||||” header_2_font=”BioRhyme||||||||” custom_margin=”||-1px||false|false” custom_padding=”40px|||3px|false|false” hover_enabled=”0″ header_text_align_tablet=”” header_text_align_phone=”center” header_text_align_last_edited=”on|phone” header_3_text_align_tablet=”” header_3_text_align_phone=”center” header_3_text_align_last_edited=”on|phone” header_3_font_size_tablet=”” header_3_font_size_phone=”17px” header_3_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” sticky_enabled=”0″]<\/p>\n

Elderberry<\/h1>\n

(Sanbucus canadenis)<\/em>\u00a0<\/h2>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_slider use_text_overlay=”on” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” body_font_size=”18px” background_color=”#7EBEC5″ height_tablet=”” height_phone=”250px” height_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” hover_transition_delay_tablet=”” hover_transition_delay_phone=”300ms” hover_transition_delay_last_edited=”on|phone”][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/IMG_0424-scaled.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Elderberry bush In May<\/p>\n

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Elderberry bush In May<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” header_font_size_tablet=”” header_font_size_phone=”1px” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/IMG_0424-scaled.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Small plant with green leaves” title_text_phone=”Elderberry” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Elderberry bush In May<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/06\/Elderberry-June-2021-b.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

White flower clusters of the elderberry are out by June.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

White flower clusters of the elderberry are out by June.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” header_font_size_tablet=”” header_font_size_phone=”1px” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/06\/Elderberry-June-2021-b.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Plant with white umbrellal like flower” title_text_phone=”Elderberry June 2021 b” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

White flower clusters of the elderberry are out by June.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Elderberry-flowers-scaled.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Elderberry plants can get quite tall- up to about 12 feet in height.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Elderberry plants can get quite tall- up to about 12 feet in height.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” header_font_size_tablet=”” header_font_size_phone=”1px” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Elderberry-flowers-scaled.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Two clusters of white flowers against the sky” title_text_phone=”Elderberry flowers” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Elderberry plants can get quite tall- up to about 12 feet in height.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Elderberry-after-polination-scaled.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Elderberry flower after pollination in late June.<\/p>\n

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Elderberry flower after pollination in late June.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|tablet” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” header_font_size_tablet=”” header_font_size_phone=”1px” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Elderberry-after-polination-scaled.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Tiny green berries begining to form” title_text_phone=”Elderberry after polination” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Elderberry flower after pollination in late June.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/20210727_121530.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Unripe green elderberries.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Unripe green elderberries.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” header_font_size_tablet=”” header_font_size_phone=”1px” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/20210727_121530.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Green berries” title_text_phone=”Unripe elderberries” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Unripe green elderberries.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Ripe-elderberries.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Elderberries are dark purple to black when ripe.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Elderberries are dark purple to black when ripe.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” header_font_size_tablet=”” header_font_size_phone=”1px” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Closup-of-berries.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Small, round purple berries” title_text_phone=”Closup of berries” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Elderberries are dark purple to black when ripe.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Closup-of-berries.jpg” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” header_font_size_tablet=”” header_font_size_phone=”1px” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Ripe-elderberries.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”plant with dark purple berries” title_text_phone=”Ripe elderberries” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Elderberry fruit.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Elderberry-seeds.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Each small elderberry fruit has a few tiny seeds (1 square = 1 cm).<\/p>\n

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Each small elderberry fruit has a few tiny seeds (1 square = 1 cm).<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” header_font_size_tablet=”” header_font_size_phone=”1px” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Elderberry-seeds.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Four semi-oval shaped seeds” title_text_phone=”Elderberry seeds” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Each small elderberry fruit has a few tiny seeds (1 square = 1 cm).<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][\/et_pb_slider][et_pb_text content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Ground Cherries<\/h1>\n

(Physalis sp.)<\/em><\/em><\/h2>\n

<\/em><\/p>\n

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Ground Cherries<\/h2>\n

(Physalis sp.)<\/em><\/em><\/h3>\n

<\/em><\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” module_id=”Ground cherry” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” text_text_color=”#000000″ header_font=”BioRhyme||||||||” header_2_font=”BioRhyme||||||||” custom_margin=”||-1px||false|false” custom_padding=”40px|||3px|false|false” hover_enabled=”0″ header_3_text_align_tablet=”” header_3_text_align_phone=”center” header_3_text_align_last_edited=”on|phone” header_3_font_size_tablet=”” header_3_font_size_phone=”17px” header_3_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” sticky_enabled=”0″]<\/p>\n

Ground Cherries<\/h1>\n

(Physalis sp.)<\/em><\/em><\/h2>\n

<\/em><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_slider use_text_overlay=”on” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” body_font_size=”18px” background_color=”#7EBEC5″ height_tablet=”” height_phone=”250px” height_last_edited=”on|phone” header_font_size_tablet=”” header_font_size_phone=”” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” hover_transition_delay_tablet=”” hover_transition_delay_phone=”300ms” hover_transition_delay_last_edited=”on|phone”][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/20210802_094257.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Ground cherries are a member of the nightshade family like tomatoes, tomatillos, and peppers.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Ground cherries are a member of the nightshade family like tomatoes, tomatillos, and peppers.Ground cherries are a member of the nightshade family like tomatoes, tomatillos, and peppers.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”0px||||false|false” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” header_font_size_tablet=”” header_font_size_phone=”1px” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/20210802_094257.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Small bushy plant with yellow flowers” title_text_phone=”Ground cherry” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Ground cherries are a member of the nightshade family like tomatoes, tomatillos, and peppers. <\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Ground-cherry-flower.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Ground cherry flowers are yellow. Sometime they have dark in the center of the flower and sometimes they don’t.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Ground cherry flowers are yellow. Sometime they have dark in the center of the flower and sometimes they don’t.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” header_font_size_tablet=”” header_font_size_phone=”1px” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Ground-cherry-flower.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Plant with yellow flower” title_text_phone=”Ground cherry flower” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Ground cherry flowers are yellow. Sometime they have dark in the center of the flower and sometimes they don’t.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Hanging-green-ground-cherries.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Ground cherries are similar to their domesticated relative tomatillos in that the fruit grows inside a husk.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Ground cherries are similar to their domesticated relative tomatillos in that the fruit grows inside a husk.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” header_font_size_tablet=”” header_font_size_phone=”1px” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Hanging-green-ground-cherries.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Hanging husked fruit on plant” title_text_phone=”Hanging green ground cherries” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Ground cherries are similar to their domesticated relative tomatillos in that the fruit grows inside a husk.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/20210802_094309.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

Ground cherry fruits and husks start off green. When they are ripe the husk gets light tan and papery and they fall off the plant.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

Ground cherry fruits and husks start off green. When they are ripe the husk gets light tan and papery and they fall off the plant.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” header_font_size_tablet=”” header_font_size_phone=”1px” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/20210802_094309.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Two papery fruits in a hand” title_text_phone=”Ripe ground cherries in husk” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

Ground cherry fruits and husks start off green. When they are ripe the husk gets light tan and papery and they fall off the plant.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/IMG_0421.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

When ripe the ground cherry fruit is yellow inside the husk.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

When ripe the ground cherry fruit is yellow inside the husk.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” header_font_size_tablet=”” header_font_size_phone=”1px” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|desktop” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/IMG_0421.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Small round yellow fruit in a hand” title_text_phone=”Husked ground cherry” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

When ripe the ground cherry fruit is yellow inside the husk.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][et_pb_slide image=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Inside-ground-cherry.jpg” content_tablet=”<\/p>\n

The interior of a ground cherry fruit also looks very much like a tomatillo with many tiny seeds.<\/p>\n

” content_phone=”<\/p>\n

The interior of a ground cherry fruit also looks very much like a tomatillo with many tiny seeds.<\/p>\n

” content_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” header_text_color_tablet=”” header_text_color_phone=”rgba(0,0,0,0)” header_text_color_last_edited=”on|phone” header_font_size_tablet=”” header_font_size_phone=”1px” header_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” body_font_size_tablet=”” body_font_size_phone=”15px” body_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_image_phone=”https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/10\/2021\/08\/Inside-ground-cherry.jpg” background_enable_image_phone=”on” alt_phone=”Yellow fruit cut open to show tiny seeds” title_text_phone=”Inside ground cherry” sticky_transition=”on”]<\/p>\n

The interior of a ground cherry fruit also looks very much like a tomatillo with many tiny seeds.<\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_slide][\/et_pb_slider][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” text_text_color=”#000000″ header_font=”BioRhyme||||||||” header_2_font=”BioRhyme||||||||” custom_margin=”||-1px||false|false” custom_margin_phone=”||-50px|0px|false|false” custom_padding=”40px|||3px|false|false”][\/et_pb_text][dipl_separator separator_color=”#477559″ _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” locked=”off”][\/dipl_separator][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.7.5″ _module_preset=”default” text_text_color=”#000000″ header_font=”BioRhyme||||||||” header_2_font=”BioRhyme||||||||” header_2_font_size=”30px” custom_margin=”||-1px||false|false” custom_padding=”3px|||3px|false|false” header_2_text_align_tablet=”” header_2_text_align_phone=”” header_2_text_align_last_edited=”on|desktop” header_2_font_size_tablet=”25px” header_2_font_size_phone=”20px” header_2_font_size_last_edited=”on|desktop”]<\/p>\n

References<\/h2>\n

Abrams, Marc D., and Gregory J. Nowacki<\/p>\n

2008\u00a0\u00a0 Native Americans as Active and Passive Promoters of Mast and Fruit Trees in the Eastern USA. The Holocene <\/em>18(7): 1123-1137.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Briand, Christopher H.<\/p>\n

2005\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Common Persimmon (Diospyros viginiana <\/em>L.): The History of an Underutilized Fruit Tree (16th-19th Centuries) in Huntia; A Yearbook of Botanial and Horticultural Bibliography <\/em>12(1):71-89,<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Fritz, Gayle J.<\/p>\n

2019\u00a0\u00a0 Feeding Cahokia: Early Agriculture in the North American Heartland. The University of Alabama Press, Tuscaloosa<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Gilmore, Melvin R.<\/p>\n

1977\u00a0\u00a0 Uses of Plants by the Indians of the Missouri River Region<\/em>. University of Nebraska Press.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Gremillion, Kristen J.<\/p>\n

1989\u00a0\u00a0 The Development of A Mutualistic Relationship between Humans and Maypops (Passiflora incarnata <\/em>L.) in the Southeastern United States. Journal of Ethnobiology<\/em> 9(2):135-155.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Moore, Andrew<\/p>\n

2017\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Pawpaw: In Search of America’s Forgotten Fruit.\u00a0 Chelsea Green Publishing.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Moerman, Daniel E.<\/p>\n

Native American Food Plants: An Ethnobotanical Dictionary<\/em>. Timber Press, Portland.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Munson, Patrick J.<\/p>\n

1984\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Comments on Some Additional Species, and Summary of Seasonality in Experiments and Observations on Aboriginal Wild Plant Food Utilization in Eastern North America<\/em>, edited by Patrick J. Munson, pp. 459-473. Indiana Historical Society Prehistoric Research Series VI(2).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Scarry, C. Margaret<\/p>\n

2003\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Patterns of Wild Plant Utilization in the Prehistoric Eastern Woodlands. In People and Plants in Ancient North America,<\/em> edited by Paul E. Minnis, <\/em>pp. 50-104. Smithsonian Institution, Washington.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Simon, Mary L.<\/p>\n

2009\u00a0\u00a0 A Regional and Chronological Synthesis of Archaic Period Plant Use in the Midcontinent. In Archaic Societies: Diversity and Complexity Across the Midcontinent<\/em>, edited by Thomas E. Emerson, Dale McElrath, and Andrew C. Fortier, pp. 81-114. State University of New York Press, Albany.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

VanDerwaker, Amber M., C. Maragret Scarry, and Jame M. Eastman<\/p>\n

2007\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Menus for Families and Feasts: Household and Community Consumption of Plants at Upper Saratown, North Carolina in The Archaeology of Food and Identity<\/em>, edited by Katheryn C. Twiss, pp. 16-49. Center for Archaeological Investigations, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Occasional Papers No. 34.<\/p>\n

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FruitsThe Eastern Woodlands and Midwest are home to many different kinds of edible fruits. These fruits were gathered and eaten for thousands of years by Indigenous people living in Arkansas, even as people were gardening and growing domesticated plants. Indeed many of us still gather and eat the same fruits today.Blackberries and Dewberries (Rubus sp.) […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":30,"featured_media":500,"parent":288,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-135","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/135","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/30"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=135"}],"version-history":[{"count":84,"href":"https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/135\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2410,"href":"https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/135\/revisions\/2410"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/288"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/500"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/archeology.uark.edu\/gga\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=135"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}