Indians of Arkasnas Homepage


How do we learn about the past?

Indians Before Europeans
American Indian Perspectives
Origins of the Middle World
Creation of the World (Osage)
Creation of the World (Caddo)
Creation of the Sun (Tunica)
The Daughters and the Serpent Monster (Caddo)
How Tlanuwa Deafeated Uktena (Cherokee)
Lightning Defeats the Underground Monster (Caddo)
Chaos into Order
Maintaining Order in Osage Communities
How People Came to Hunt Animals (Caddo)
Origins of Corn (Natchez)
Origins of Fire (Cherokee)
Natchez Sacred Fire
Understanding the World Through Stories
Caddo Creation Stories
Story 1: Creation and Early Migration
Story 2: Creation of Day and Night
Story 3: Origin of Animals
Story 4: Coyote and the Origins of Death
Story 5: Origin of the Medicine Men
Story 6: Lightning and Thunder
Academic Perspectives
Ice Age Migrations
Paleoindians
The Dalton Culture
Archaic Period Cultures
Woodland Period Cultures
The Mississippi Period

First Encounters

Historic Arkansas Indians
The Quapaw Indians
The Caddo Indians
Tunica and Koroa Indians
The Osage Indians
The Chickasaws
The Natchez Indians

Indians After Europeans
Indians and Colonists
Indians in the Old South
Indians in the New South
Indians Today

Current Research
Ancient Foodways
Arkansas Novaculite Project
Bruce Catt
3LO226
Caddo Dance
CARV Project
Research Design
Introduction
Background
Project Goals
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Project Organization
Arkansas Archeological Survey
Caddo Nation
Osage Nation
Quapaw Nation
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Collection Inventory and Analysis
GIS, Remote Sensing, and Excavation
Summary
References Cited
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Project Initiation Meeting
Memorandum
NMAI Inventory
Gilcrease Museum Inventory
LSEM Inventory
UA Collection Inventory
3YE347 Survey
3PP274 Survey
3YE25 Survey
3YE25 Tree Planting
3YE25 Geophysics
3YE25 Excavations
3YE347 Analysis
3YE25 Analysis
3CN213 Analysis
Ozark Reservoir Analysis
Lithic Raw Materials
Year 2 Project Meeting

Writing Prompts

Learning Exercises
Indians and Animals
The Three-Layer Universe
Trade Goods
What is a Map?
Frontier Exchange Economy
Creation Stories
Children of the Middle Waters (Osage)
Origin of the Middle World (Yuchi)
The First People (Caddo)
Origin of the Supreme Being (Caddo)
Origin of Animals (Caddo)
Origin of Corn (Natchez)
Origin of Beans (Tunica)
Origin of Fire (Cherokee)
The Calumet Ceremony in the Mississippi Valley
Marquette Account
Gravier Account
Du Poisson Account
First Encounters: Cultural Perspectives
Gentleman of Elvas: Chapter XXII
Gentleman of Elvas: Chapter XXIII
Gentleman of Elvas: Chapter XXVI
Gentleman of Elvas: Chapter XXIX
Gentleman of Elvas: Chapter XXXII and XXXIII
Ritual Analysis
Caddo Harvest Ritual
Natchez Harvest Ceremony
Smoking Ceremony from the Songs of the Wa-Xo'-Be (Osage)
Transcending Themes

Project Background and History


End of Left Side of Page

The Daughters and the Serpent Monster (Caddo)

Engraved serpent monster image.
Drawing of a serpent monster image engraved on a shell pendant from the Spiro site, Oklahoma.

Caddo Indians attribute the origins of the sun and other Above World deities to an event in which all three realms are symbolically represented. After the Middle World was formed, there lived a woman with her two daughters. One of the daughters was expecting a child. One day the daughters were out by themselves. Suddenly there appeared a huge, misshaped serpent with horns that disappeared into the sky. The ferocious monster attacked and killed the pregnant daughter, then went after her sister. The sister meanwhile climbed to the top of a very tall tree. The serpent followed but the climb was too difficult for him. While he struggled, the sister dove into a deep pool at the foot of the tree and swam away under the water. The serpent sucked up the water but did not find the girl. When she arrived home, she told her mother what had happened. The mother and daughter returned to the scene of the attack, where they found only a tiny drop of blood in a little acorn shell. They carried it home and put it into a covered jar. That night the mother was awakened by a noise in the jar. She saw that the drop of blood had turned into a boy merely the size of her finger. She covered the jar again, and the next night, upon hearing the same sound, she awoke to discover that the boy had turned into a grown man. The mother was so pleased that she at once made him a bow and some arrows. When the young man learned what had happened to his own mother, he took the bow and arrows and went after the serpent. When he found the serpent he shot it so hard that it went away and has never since returned. The young man went back to his grandmother and aunt, took them by the hands, and ascended with them into the sky where he has governed the world ever since. He placed his grandmother and aunt in charge of seasons and the weather.

Creation of the Sun (Tunica)
How Tlanuwa Deafeated Uktena (Cherokee)

 

 

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Last Updated: February 27, 2007 at 3:45:53 PM Central Time